#2- Vayakhel/Pikudei- Time vs. Space

Why in ויקהל is the mitzvah of Shabbos juxtaposed to the building of the Mishkan?

Rashi (quotes Mechilta) says that these two are put together to show that even something as important as the building of the Mishkan doesn’t push off the mitzvah of Shabbos.

The Rav also gives an idea and says that throughout the Torah we see concepts of the Mikdash and Shabbos together. For example, “שבתותי תשמרו and מקדשי תיראו”. He continues to say that these ideas are intertwined and represent two sanctuaries. Shabbos which is bound by time and the Mikdash which is bound by space. One can’t just walk away and leave Shabbos, but one can get up and walk out of a sukkah, which is bound by its place. This idea of these sanctuaries being connected shows that there are two different levels of kedusha (time and space) that can often be seen together.

What are some other reasons why the mitzvah of Shabbos is said next to the building of the Mishkan?

#1 Vayakhel/Pikudei- Mishkan Mishkan?

21These are the numbers of the Mishkan, the Mishkan of the Testimony, which were counted at Moses' command; [this was] the work of the Levites under the direction of Ithamar, the son of Aaron the Kohen.

כאאֵלֶּה פְקוּדֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּן מִשְׁכַּן הָעֵדֻת אֲשֶׁר פֻּקַּד עַל פִּי משֶׁה עֲבֹדַת הַלְוִיִּם בְּיַד אִיתָמָר בֶּן אַהֲרֹן הַכֹּהֵן:

In the very beginning of parshat vyakel we see these pasukim which is talking about the mishcan Moshe says Mishcan twice one right after the other. But why? Why does Moshe say it twice?

Rashi answers that it is an allusion to the fact that the bet hamkidash will be destroyed two times.

What are other explantions to why the mishkan is written twice?

Are there other places in the torah that also allude to the destruction of the bet hamikdash?

#4 Tetzaveh- Moshe missing II

Moshe died on the seventh day of Adar, which usually occurs during the week when Tetzaveh is read in Shul. Since his death took place during this week, his name is not mentioned once in the entire Parsha. The Magen Avraham says that even when its a leap year, the people who fast on the seventh of Adar (the day Moshe died) should fast in the first Adar because there are opinions that the year Moshe died was a leap year and that he died in the first Adar. 

What are other reasons Moshe's name is not written in this weeks Parsha?

#3 Tetzaveh- Moshe Rabeinu Missing?

In this weeks Parsha, Parsha Tetzaveh, Moshe's name is not mentioned. It says in Perek 27 Pasuk 20 

And you shall command the children of Israel, and they shall take to you pure olive oil, crushed for lighting, to kindle the lamps continually.

כוְאַתָּה תְּצַוֶּה | אֶת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְיִקְחוּ אֵלֶיךָ שֶׁמֶן זַיִת זָךְ כָּתִית לַמָּאוֹר לְהַעֲלֹת נֵר תָּמִיד:

This is the only Parsha since Moshe was born in which him name does not appear (except for one Parsha that is spoken by Moshe). Why is this? The Baal Haturim says that in Chait Hagegal Moshe told Hashem "If You do not [forgive them,] erase me from the book that You have written" (Exodus 32:31). Although Moshe might not have meant what he said, the words do come with consequences and therefore Moshe's name was left out of the Parsha. 

#2 Tetzaveh- Ephod?

In Pasuk Daled it says, אֵלֶּה הַבְּגָדִים אֲשֶׁר יַעֲשׂוּ חשֶׁן וְאֵפוֹד וּמְעִיל וּכְתֹנֶת תַּשְׁבֵּץ מִצְנֶפֶת וְאַבְנֵט וְעָשׂוּ בִגְדֵי קֹדֶשׁ לְאַהֲרֹן אָחִיךָ וּלְבָנָיו לְכַהֲנוֹ לִי:

What is an ephod?

Rashi explains that there is no tradition regarding what the ephod is but suggests that Ephod was something that the Cohen girded on his back and was about the width of a man's back. However, there is no clear, sure answer as to what it looked like. 

What other possibilities are there for the Ephod looked like? What could it symbolize? 

#1 Tetzaveh-Choshen?

In pasuk tet vav it says:

וְעָשִׂיתָ חשֶׁן מִשְׁפָּט מַעֲשֵׂה חשֵׁב כְּמַעֲשֵׂה אֵפֹד תַּעֲשֶׂנּוּ זָהָב תְּכֵלֶת וְאַרְגָּמָן וְתוֹלַעַת שָׁנִי וְשֵׁשׁ מָשְׁזָר תַּעֲשֶׂה אֹתוֹ:

"You shall make a choshen of judgment, the work of a master weaver. You shall make it like the work of the ephod; of gold, blue, purple, and crimson wool, and twisted fine linen shall you make it."

Why is the Choshen called the "Choshen of Judgement"?

Rashi gives two answers:

1) It attoned for mistaken decisions made by the courts of judgement.

2) It itself provided clear rulings for the nation- different stones would light up on the choshen and if they were read in the correct way it would give the Kohen clear answers.

What are other reasons the choshen is called the Choshen of Judgement? Are there any other unique aspects of the choshen?  

Teruma #4- why these donations?

In פרק כח, פסוק ב-ג it says Everyman should take a portion of his gold,silver and copper and turquoise wool and purple wool and scarlet wool and goats hair and other stuff. And to give as much as their hearts motivate  them.
Why are these things needed? These items seem to be random is there anything significant about them?
Rashi says the copper and gold and everything was required for the work of the Mishkan or the outfits for the כהנים